He worked in the auditing department, keeping track of numbers and schedules. Shelby Davidson Shelby Davidson (1868–1931) worked for the United States Postal Service. 1,522,176 January 6, 1925) and one for a paint or stain (Patent no. Carver was awarded two peanut-related patents: one for pomade or cream (Patent no. This profitable crop rotation allowed farmers to maintain soil fertility. Later, Carver discovered that sweet potatoes and peas had the same nitrogen-fixing abilities as peanuts. Carver found new uses for peanuts and peanut products, including soap, face powder, mayonnaise, shampoo, metal polish, and glue. Carver’s cotton-peanut crop rotation created peanut surpluses-more peanuts than people had need for them. This planting process is called crop rotation. Planting peanuts one year and cotton the next increased the life of the soil. Carver’s experiments found the peanut plant restored nitrogen to the topsoil and made it healthy again. During much of the 19th century, Southern farmers planted cotton year after year, which depleted the soil of vital nutrients. George Washington Carver George Washington Carver (1864?–1943) was an agricultural chemist famous for improving the lives of poor farmers through new farming methods. Browne was granted the patent on April 29, 1890. This helped residents live healthier lives. He invented a machine that trapped sewer water and stopped it from flowing back into a house. Browne was also a practical man, interested in improving the lives of everyday people. Browne was especially concerned with education, and traveled to Liberia to compare the education system there to the one in the United States. Browne Hugh Mason Browne (1851–1923) was an educator who worked with such prominent African Americans as Booker T. Using his own drawings, Brown gave talks on entomology, geology, philosophy, and religion to packed houses for several decades. Brown was also the first African American to be hired by the Smithsonian Institute in Washington, D.C. Brown installed the wires and made sure the telegraph worked properly. Solomon Brown Solomon Brown (1829–1906) worked with Samuel Morse on the telegraph machine, which revolutionized communication in the 19th century. Blair was awarded a second patent for a cotton seed planter in 1836. The corn planter combined plowing, placing the seeds, and covering the seeds with soil. Blair was awarded the patent in 1834 for a corn planter. Enslaved peoples weren't allowed to hold patents. Very little is known about Henry Blair, other than he must have been a free Black man. Patent Office usually didn't identify patent holders by race. The identification of Blair as Black was an accident, as the U.S. Henry Blair Henry Blair (1804–1860) is the first Black man to be identified on a U.S. The Jenny coupler was an invention that saved the lives of countless railroad workers. It was very dangerous work, and Beard saw and heard about many gruesome accidents. Before the invention of the Jenny coupler, workers had to insert a metal pin to link the cars as they came together. This made connecting long trains for travel and trade much easier. The Jenny coupler automatically locked train cars together when they bumped into each other. Working for various rail companies, Beard created his most famous invention, the Jenny coupler. They transformed communication and travel. Railroads connected the busy east coast of the United States with the frontier states in the west. He invented his own flour mill, a rotary steam engine, and two kinds of plows before he went to work for the railroad in the 1890s. Beard Andrew Jackson Beard (1849–1921) was born into slavery in Alabama and gained his freedom when he was fifteen. During the 19th century, before and after slavery was abolished, Black inventors continued to have a great influence on the United States. African Americans established a strong history of inventing products and tools in the 18th century.
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